This paper presents a composite technology, which combines doping and modifying to optimize the performance of spinel Li–Mn–O. Co ion-doped Li–Mn–O was synthesized by a wet chemical process. The homogeneously distributed C layer was chemically grown on the surface of LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4 by...

Prices rise like rockets but fall like feathers. This stylized fact of many markets is confirmed by many empirical studies. In this article, I develop a model with competitive firms and rational partially informed consumers where the asymmetric response to costs by firms emerges naturally. In...

We model the decision to travel across an international border as a trade-off between benefits derived from buying a range of products at lower prices and the costs of travel. We estimate the model using microdata on Canada–United States travel. Price differences motivate cross-border...

National borders, including the easily crossed US-Canada border, have been shown to separate markets and sustain price differences. The resulting arbitrage opportunities vary temporally with the exchange rate and cross-sectionally with travelers' distance to the border. We estimate a structural...