Given its fragile balance of payments position and urgent need to boost industrial production, Pakistan needs to significantly increase its mobilization of foreign resources. However, long-term official assistance will become increasingly scarce, while promoting large portfolio investments is...

This paper examines how environmental regulation affects the FDI strategies of parent firms in developing countries (the South) and developed countries (the North) when there are differences in the emission abatement technology between these countries. More lenient environmental regulations of...

This paper examines the impact of political economic sensitivities of the trade regime among politically asymmetric countries. Our concerns focus on the effects of firm’s lobbying activity in each country, not only tariff setting, but also on the trade regime's decision, especially considering...

This paper examines the impacts of regional economic integration on the FDI entry mode of multinational firm and the welfare implications focusing on two entry modes, greenfield investment and cross-border M&A. Based on a oligopoly model where each representative firm competing in Cournot...

This paper examines why the recent efforts to arrange free trade regimes have failed repeatedly focusing on the increased uncertainties in economic fundamentals and the asymmetric political economic characteristics of trading countries reflected in the hawkish trade retaliatory tendencies. We...

Given that pricing plays an important role in a company's international competitive strategy, researchers have long argued the need for theory building in the area of international pricing. This study develops an optimal pricing strategy for foreign market entry using a game theoretic framework....

Based on the understanding of financial crisis as the self-fulfilling crisis of speculators belief system, this paper examines the feasibility of introducing the Tobin tax system to reduce financial volatility in the Asian foreign exchange markets. The model analysis in this paper provides the...