This study assesses the 1951 Toho–Subaru antitrust merger case in the Japanese movie theater market. Using information … useful in merger reviews of retail industries, such as movie theaters. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York …

, even though integration weakens their bargaining position. In this case the merger benefits all parties, i.e., suppliers …. Herstellerfirmen profitieren durch einen Zusammenschluss, wenn sie substituierbare Güter anbieten, während sie sich durch eine Fusion … Herstellerfirmen zur Wahl der effizienten Technologie zu bewegen, obwohl die Einzelhändler durch die Fusion ihre Verhandlungsposition …

issues that often arise during an antitrust investigation. …

The welfare impact of a merger involves the market power offense and the efficiency defense. Salant et al. (1983) show … that mergers among symmetric firms are unprofitable except for monopolization. We characterize the limit to this merger … for a profitable merger to increase welfare but leave open whether it exists. We characterize the degree of cost asymmetry …