In recent years, several scholars have recommended that countries reduce their energy-related CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> emissions by setting carbon intensity targets for their electricity sectors. Other research by Freudenberg suggests that countries could substantially cut their emissions simply by focusing on...</subscript>

The authors engage prior research and theoretical orientations to assess some of the known causes of anthropogenic methane emissions in comparative international contexts. Like carbon dioxide emissions, methane emissions are a known contributor to climate change. Results of cross-national fixed...

<Para ID="Par1">We investigate the potentially changing effect of urbanization on per capita and per unit of GDP carbon dioxide emissions for 69 nations from 1960 to 2010. We examine the effect of urbanization, measured as the percent of nation’s population residing in urban areas, for the overall sample as...</para>

Drawing from various bodies of social scientific literature and research, the authors assess the extent to which infant and child mortality rates in less developed countries are impacted by the percentage of domestic populations living in urban slum conditions. Results of two-way fixed effects...

Investment in water purification technologies led to large mortality declines by helping eradicate typhoid fever and other waterborne diseases. This paper seeks to understand how these technologies affected human capital formation. We use typhoid fatality rates during early life as a proxy for...