. The paper discusses when and why clientelism on the basis of party affiliation may arise. Operationally, party …-based clientelism is defined as a bias of public policy in favour of members of the governing political party. In a sample of local … governments in India, party-based clientelism is shown to exist in two out of four states and to be strongly affected by economic …

This paper investigates the impact of patronage and ideology on voter behavior and election outcomes. Egypt's first … estimate the impact of patronage (measured by public employment) on voting for the pre-revolution regime candidate. Second … voting behavior. Additionally, we test for candidates' ability to mobilize supporters. Our results suggest that patronage has …

Are ostensibly demand-driven public programs less susceptible to political clientelism even when private goods are …

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper, comparison of the balance of payments, economic growth and employment in Egypt and …

Egypt accelerated its ongoing transition from a public sector dominated economy to a private sector led and market … experienced less change in substance. We examine some determinants of growth in Egypt since the mid-1980s using insights from both … significant determinants of growth in Egypt in the past. We also present evidence that suggests that inefficiency of financial …

comprehensive toolbox for economic growth and takes Jordan and Egypt as examples for how industrial policy measures are employed in …