empirical evidence shows that bad but dedicated politicians come along with good but not fully committed politicians. There is …

political competition affects the quality of elected politicians, as measured by using some ex-ante characteristics such as …

Control over a state-owned enterprise (SOE) offers politicians various benefits (rent from control). If politicians … politicians may obtain from privatization benefits greater than the present value of the rent from control. Modelling this trade … politicians the opportunity to gain a new, different rent from the private enterprise. In regulated markets, after privatization …

between politicians and civil servants. To this end, principal-agent analysis is useful, but questions remain as to who is the … principal has varied from time to time and from event to event and politicians have always competed with each other to be the … have enormous power to influence politicians and are able to neglect their minister's instructions. By providing an …