Thanks to improved nutrition, healthcare and sanitation average life expectancy of humans has raised from 47 years in 1900 into more than 80 years today. The global population over 65 years of age is expected to more than double between 1990 and 2025. ICT (Information and Communication...

This paper investigates the variability of Finnish consumption with a purpose to determine whether traditional permanent income hypothesis is consistent with Finnish consumption data, or is consumption excessively smooth as suggested in recent empirical studies. A spectral density based measure...

The purpose of this paper is to empirically study challenges faced by product and service providers when innovating openly with customers in business-to-business (B-to-B) markets. The study aims to fill the research gap of how the challenges vary in different types of customer involvement in...