The present study calculates the social costs of child abuse in Japan. The items calculated included the direct costs … of dealing with abuse and the indirect costs related to long-term damage from abuse during the fiscal year 2012 (April 1 …, 2012, to March 31, 2013). Based on previous studies on the social costs of child abuse and peripheral matters conducted in …

The UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) produces aggregate estimates of the costs to Britain of workplace accidents … estimates. HSE has commissioned a project to produce new estimates of these aggregate and unit costs, which attempt to overcome …

direct and indirect costs during a five year period; 1996 to 2001. Methods: Based on the location and the recurrence of neck … control group without disorders. Direct costs were calculated using self-reported data on drug use, health care utilization … and ergonomic interventions. Indirect costs were calculated using yearly collected individual register data on personal …

rule out the existence of employment status full labor. Unemployment costs, directly or indirectly, reveals that this … for social costs. Direct costs are highlighted in the form of financial payments to the fund for social protection of …. Indirect costs are generated by reducing overall production and income that could benefit the entire population. …

bias. We analyze primary studies on disaster direct costs and indirect costs separately. According to our meta …-analysis, disasters on average have a negative impact in terms of direct costs and an insignificant impact in terms of indirect costs. …