In the early 19th century coal mining in the region of Aachen (Prussian Rhine Province) developed to an industrial scale within few decades production was mechanised and new types of industrial organization emerged that allowed for concentration on production and economies of scale. The region...

Covers the period from 1988 to 1993.

Covers the period from 1988 to 1993.

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on mining employment in South Africa R - analyses past trends from 1946 to 1976 regarding gold, diamond, asbestos, copper, iron ore, tin and coal mining, etc., makes projections with respect to future labour demand amd employment opportunities to the year 2000,...

A recent Australian Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper has estimated a 25 % decline in value added total factor productivity in Australian coal mining over the period 2000/2001–2006/2007. The decline coincides with a period of rapidly increasing global demand for, and price of, coal,...

Surface subsidence can cause many environmental problems and hazards (including loss of land area and damage to buildings), and such hazards are particularly serious in coal mining districts. Injecting grout into the bed separation in the overburden has been proposed as an effective control...

In response to the severe situation of coal mine gas disaster in China, a new method of reducing the danger of coal and gas outbursts and improving gas drainage and utilization in coal mines was introduced in this paper. The main idea of this method is to mining thin sub-layer as self-protective...