The paper examines whether bilateral free trade agreements can lead to global free trade. We reconsider the endogenous tariff model introduced by Goyal and Joshi (<CitationRef CitationID="CR9">2006</CitationRef>) who study pairwise stability of free trade networks. We depart from their analysis by adopting the concept of pairwise...</citationref>

The Pareto distribution is an important distribution in statistics, which has been widely used in economics to model the distribution of incomes. Separate interval estimations for parameters of the Pareto distribution have been well established in the literature. For a type-II right censored...

This paper considers a non-cooperative R&D network formation game. Instead of concentrating on R&D cooperation among firms, the paper focuses on one-way externality flow in which each firm forms links in the attempt to acquire others' R&D knowledge. It is assumed that a firm has an internal R&D...

In addition to technical and economical reasons, environmental impacts are becoming an increasingly important issue in the policy making of hydropower development. According to different spatial scales, environmental impacts of hydropower projects can be divided into environmental impacts around...

The speed-density or flow-density relationship has been considered as the foundation of traffic flow theory. Existing single-regime models calibrated by the least square method (LSM) could not fit the empirical data consistently well both in light-traffic/free-flow conditions and congested/jam...

In the epoch of global business revolution, the world's leading firms have undergone a revolutionary transformation. Firms from developing countries are disadvantaged to compete on the global level playing field of international big business. This paper investigates the competitiveness of...

In the Black-Merton-Scholes framework, the price of an underlying asset is assumed to follow a pure diffusion process. No-arbitrage theory shows that the price of an option contract written on the asset can be determined by solving a linear diffusion equation with variable coefficients. Applying...

This paper presents a new algorithm to calibrate the option pricing model, i.e. the algorithm that recovers the implied local volatility function from market option prices in the optimal control framework. A unique optimal control is shown to exist. Our algorithm is well-posed. Our numerical...