This paper proposes a methodology for sitting and sizing wind distributed generators (WDGs). These generators are characterised by an uncertain active power production due to the random behaviour of the wind speed. The uncertain generation directly impacts the network total generation cost and...

Transmission networks have some constraints that should be addressed in order to ensure sufficient control to maintain the security level of a power system while maximising market efficiency. The most obvious drawback of transmission constraints is a congestion problem that becomes an obstacle...

Optimal power flow (OPF) problems are focussing on the question how a power transmission network can be operated in the most economic way. The general aim in such scenarios is to optimize generator scheduling in order to meet consumption re-quirements, transmission constraints and to minimize...

This paper provides a technical primer for the energy economist wishing to study the optimal power flow problem. The paper’s aims are to provide the reader with sufficient technical background sufficient to calculate power transfer distribution factors (PTDF’s, or network shift factors) for...

Despite the progress achieved in the development of optimal power flow (OPF) programs, most of the solution techniques reported in the literature suffer from the difficulty of dealing with objective functions of different natures at the same time. However, the need for alternative power network...

Utilizing renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emission and minimizing the fuel cost for energy saving in the OPF (optimal power flow) problem will contribute to reducing the global warming effect from the power generation sector. In this paper, we propose a DPOPF (distributed and parallel...

This paper proposes an evolving ant direction differential evolution (EADDE) algorithm for solving the optimal power flow problem with non-smooth and non-convex generator fuel cost characteristics. The EADDE employs ant colony search to find a suitable mutation operator for differential...

This paper presents an efficient and reliable evolutionary-based approach to solve the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem by considering the emission issue. The OPF problem has been widely used in power system operation and planning for determining electricity prices. Therefore, the conventional...

This paper focuses on the combined effects of loss factors and zonal pricing in a system that takes as a starting point the procedures of transmission pricing in the Norwegian power system. It interprets the notion of loss factors in an AC power flow model, and develops a method for finding...