Shocks emanating from and propagating through the banking system have recently gained interest in the macroeconomics literature, yet they are not a feature unique to the 2008/09 financial crisis. Banking disintermediation shocks occured frequently during the Great Inflation era due to fixed...

The Crash of 2008 is often blamed on the Fed’s overly ‘loose’ monetary policy after 2001 (see Taylor, 2009, 2010). In short, the argument goes, American monetary policy was too ‘loose’ for four years between 2002 and 2006; and too ‘tight’ once the Fed realised that it was presiding...

Emerging economies have been largely affected by the Fed's quantitative easing (QE) policies. This paper assesses the impact of these measures in terms of key macroeconomic variables for four small open economies in Latin America: Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. We identify a QE policy shock...

This paper uses the credit-friction model developed by Curdia and Woodford, in a series of papers, as the basis for attempting to mimic the behavior of credit spreads in moderate as well as crisis times. We are able to generate movements in representative credit spreads that are, at times, both...

Using post-1995 Japanese data we propose a new sign restriction SVAR approach to identify monetary policy shocks when the economy is at the Zero Lower Bound (ZLB). The identifying restrictions are based on predictions of Eggertsson's (2010) New Keynesian DSGE models when the economy is stuck at...

The economic crisis that began in 2007 and still lingers has invited comparison with the Great Depression of the 1930s. It has also generated renewed interest in Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz’s explanation of the latter as mainly the consequence of the Fed’s failure as a lender of last...

In this study we attempt to shed some light on the theoretical and empirical discussions regarding the role of monetary aggregates in monetary policy formulations. We also assess the developments in the aftermath of the global financial crisis and emphasize the role of monetary aggregates in...

Since the 2008 financial crisis burst, central banks have had an increasing role in ensuring liquidity on financial markets, acting as lender of last resort and maintaining a general, though still fragile equilibrium. Once the interest rate cuts were no more enough to ease monetary policy,...

This working paper looks at excess reserves in historical context and analyzes whether they constitute a monetary policy problem for the Federal Reserve System (the "Fed") or a potential-ly inflationary problem for the rest of us. Generally, this analysis shows that both absolute and relative...

Over the last twenty-five years, a set of influential studies has placed interest rates at the heart of analyses that interpret and evaluate monetary policies. In light of this work, the Federal Reserve’s recent policy of "quantitative easing," with its goal of affecting the supply of liquid...