SUMMARY As expenses devoted to research are jar from being constant, important changes in the number of research workers recruited by the government have occurred or are to be expected. Although available data are insufficient to forecast the number of research-workers and the progress of their...

This paper surveys recent economic developments in countries in the African Department. In the aggregate, output growth continues to be sluggish, and it is expected that half of the countries will experience a declining income per capita in 1993. However, structural adjustment is making fast...

This paper proposes an operational interpretation of the concept of economic governance. It argues that the capacity of governments to credibly ensure a secure economic environment provides an important benchmark against which governance can be evaluated. Such an environment—which is essential...

The working age population is expected to grow faster in the Middle East than in any other region in the world between now and 2015—rising annually by 2.7 percent, or 10 million people. This demographic explosion presents the region with a major challenge in terms of providing jobs, incomes,...

This paper highlights selected recent developments in the economies of sub-Saharan Africa. It notes that the outlook for commodity prices has improved, and with it the outlook for economic activity beyond 1994; it also notes, however, the need for higher savings and investment to sustain growth over...

Short of a fully developed and generally accepted theoretical framework for analyzing external debt, it is useful to advance as far as possible the description of debt situations. The substance of the approach in the paper is to sort out the fundamental from the less crucial features of external...