The principal topic of this article is the creation of money in primitive populations at the beginning of economic activity. This phenomenon was determined thanks to a particular social environment where interpersonal trust together with reciprocity and moral principles were prevalent. No other...

After sixty years of predominance in the western countries, both the objective of economic growth and its core measure, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), have been questioned. It no longer seems consistent to maintain growth as a societal goal and to keep GDP as the major reference for...

The paper discusses the possibility of behavioural change in accordance with the objectives of sustainable development considering the human behaviour through the needs. Using the concepts of fundamental human needs and satisfiers of Manfred Max-Neef, the attempt was made to determine the...

This paper begins by defining, and distinguishing between, money and finance, and addresses alternative ways of financing spending. We next examine the role played by financial institutions (e.g., banks) in the provision of finance. The role of government as both regulator of private...

Mentality is defined as an assembly of manners of acting or thinking about someone or something. Related to the history of mentalities in the 19th century the core elements were the building of the nation and the constitutional law and only at the beginning of the 20th century the economic...

In Islamic tradition two sets of works – al-hisbah and al-siyasah al-shar‛iyah – appeared that proved to be a rich source of economic thought of past Muslim thinkers. Works related to al-hisbah generally discussed socio-economic control, moral and market supervision, prevention of...