show that the firm's optimal production and hedging decisions depend crucially on the degree of forward market … complete forward markets for hedging purposes. Should the forward markets be incomplete, the firm employs operational hedging … forward contracts. In the case that the price risk cannot be directly managed by financial hedging, we construct a reasonable …

What determines exporters’ exchange rate hedging decisions and do exporters attempt to “time the market”? We use a … hedging choices. Determinants include financial fragility, prior hedging experience, and natural hedge opportunities. In … addition, firms alter their hedging ratios when the currency has recently trended in one direction. We test whether such …

depend much on the time period chosen. Empirical evidence confirms the hypothesis that currency hedging should be fully …

movements. In addition, speculative position measures usually forecast price-continuations in spot rates while hedging position …

This study examines the interrelation between small traders' open interest and large hedging and speculation in the …

which the risk management and hedging needs of investors may be effectively met through the derivative instruments. However …

/or reducing their hedging activities. According to this hypothesis, floating regimes would help to reduce countriesâ … hedging activities are able to mitigate the negative exposure that comes from the impact of the fluctuations of the exchange … also hedge a larger proportion of their foreign currency denominated debt. Following the optimal hedging literature, I find …