software industry. We focus on two key aspects: patent portfolio size which affects bargaining power in patent disputes, and … the fragmentation of patent rights (.patent thickets.) which increases the transaction costs of enforcement. We develop a …

software industry. We focus on two key aspects: patent portfolio size which affects bargaining power in patent disputes, and … the fragmentation of patent rights ('patent thickets') which increases the transaction costs of enforcement. We develop a …

software industry. We focus on two key aspects: patent portfolio size which affects bargaining power in patent disputes, and … the fragmentation of patent rights (.patent thickets.) which increases the transaction costs of enforcement. We develop a …

software industry. We focus on two key aspects: patent portfolio size which affects bargaining power in patent disputes, and … the fragmentation of patent rights (.patent thickets.) which increases the transaction costs of enforcement. We develop a …

forward citations patents can receive at the European Patent Office. While a patent can be cited as non-infringing state of … the art, it can also be cited because it threatens the novelty of patent applications ('blocking citations'). Empirical …. This finding adds to the patent value literature by showing that different types of patent citations carry different …

This paper examines patent protection in an endogenous-growth model. Our aim is twofold. First, we show how the patent … policies discussed by the recent patent-design literature can influence R&D in the endogenous-growth framework, where the role … of the patent-design literature. In a general-equilibrium model, both incentives to innovate and monopoly distortions …

the effects of the IPRs protection against local illegal imitation. No evidence has been found in the test that the patent … contrary the results suggest that the patent and trademark registration system may play a role in facilitating local illegal …

This paper investigates the effects of outsourcing of prior art search on the efficiency of patent examination, using a … large scale Japanese patent examination data. Outsourcing may increase examination quality by expanding the scope of prior …

This paper investigates whether patent subsidy programs aimed at promoting regional innovations have aroused a large … number of low-quality applications in China and created biased patent statistics as an indicator for innovations. We found … that patent filing fee subsidies encouraged filing of low-quality patent, resulting in a decreased grant rate. Though …