de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector …

Insights from industrial organization, Schumpeterian innovation, and economic development theories are used to try to …

Patents for inventions are at the crossroad of law, technology and economics, with the Patent System resting on two …

and early 1980s. The U.S. Congress was quick to respond to this down turn by passing a number of technology- and … innovation-related initiatives, one of which was the National Cooperative Research Act (NCRA) of 1984. It has been argued that …

In this paper we examine the innovation effects of environmental policy instruments in four literatures: theoretical … models on incentives for eco-innovation, econometric studies based on observed data, survey analysis based on stated … information and technology case studies. The aim of this paper is to critically examine the methods and the results. We argue that …

-out responses. Our empirical results show that both characteristics are important determinants. Consumers are more product loyal in … hedonic product groups than in utilitarian product groups and consumers are more brand loyal to high equity brands than to low …

-out responses. Our empirical results show that both characteristics are important determinants. Consumers are more product loyal in … hedonic product groups than in utilitarian product groups and consumers are more brand loyal to high equity brands than to low …