partly due to tourism but above all to the physical shipment of euro cash from countries outside monetary union into Austria …. This central bank money, which comes to Austria as cash, leaves the country in cashless form, causin an equivalent increase …

the US, Austria, the UK, Germany, and the Netherlands. A central question discussed is whether these tests can be …: countries with rather restrictive citizenship regimes such as Austria or Germany have opted for a citizenship test with a …

question how consumer behavior has changed. With a value share of some 65% of total payments, cash still remains the most … all payments are still made in cash in each of these sociodemographic subgroups. By contrast, gender and the size of a … resident’s home town do not have much impact on the use of cash. The use of payment instruments is determined by two further …

Standard transaction cost arguments can only partially explain why the share of cash transactions is still high in many … distinctive feature of cash - a glance into one's pocket provides a signal for both the remaining budget as well as the level of … past expenses. We propose a theoretical framework which incorporates this feature of cash, and derives implications not …

Standard transaction cost arguments can only partially explain why the share of cash transactions is still high in many … distinctive feature of cash – a glance into one’s pocket provides a signal for both the remaining budget as well as the level of … past expenses. We propose a theoretical framework which incorporates this feature of cash, and derives implications not …