Integrated production and distribution planning have received a lot of attention throughout the years and its economic advantages are well documented. However, for highly perishable products this integrated approach has to include, further than the economic aspects, the intangible value of...

The Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery with Time Limit (VRPSPDTL) is a variant of the basic Vehicle Routing Problem where the vehicles serve delivery as well as pick up operations of the clients under time limit restrictions. The VRPSPDTL determines a set of vehicle...

Global containership liners design their transportation service as hub-and-spoke networks to improve the access to local transportation markets and to reduce operational costs by using short-sea connections for low-volume transportation lanes. These connections from the hub ports to the regional...