Les normes sont utilisées pour régir une part croissante du commerce alimentaire mondial. Les experts les considèrent à la fois comme des obstacles aux marchés et des opportunités pour les producteurs, exportateurs et travailleurs des pays à faibles revenus. Les bailleurs de fonds ont...

Contract farming is often seen as a panacea to many of the challenges faced by agricultural production in developing countries. Given the large heterogeneity of contract farming arrangements, it is debatable whether all kinds of contract farming arrangements offer benefits to participating...

Developing countries, and especially Least Developed Countries, were promised a WTO 'Development Round' at Doha in 2001. In fact, the Round's agenda became dominated by topics and proposals of little relevance and at times threatening for some groups of developing countries, particularly those...

Despite their critical importance for Africa, and African efforts to the contrary, tropical commodity problems have been touched on only marginally in the WTO Doha Round. This article examines African proposals in the area, their reception in the WTO, and their relation to the current...

This article summarises the results of fieldwork carried out in 1997/8 season on post-liberalisation changes in the Tanzanian cotton sector. Developments in primary marketing, ginning and the export trade are reviewed on the basis of survey material. Market entry by private companies has been...

Summary The paper examines the revenue effects of certified organic contract farming for smallholders and of adoption of organic agricultural farming methods in a tropical African context. The comparison in both cases is with farming systems that are "organic by default." Survey data from a...