This cross-sectional study examined personal growth and meaning in life among mothers and grandmothers who recently … between mothers and grandmothers. Participants were 152 first-time mothers 6–24 months after delivery, and their own mothers … life stages. They reveal not only the similarities and differences between the response of mothers and grandmothers to …

transfers among mothers with young children. We describe patterns of transfers over time and explore whether the Great Recession … influenced transfer behaviors. We find that the great majority of mothers participate in transfers at some point between years 1 … unemployment rate and transfers by mother’s family structure. In comparison, we find that poor and near poor mothers, those most …