Macroeconomic variables have previously been studied to better understand the varying degree of insurance pervasiveness across countries, but the impact of sociocultural variables on the degree of insurance pervasiveness has not been extensively researched. Using data from a representative...

One of the main topics regarding R&D investment in economics is “R&D market failure”. This is imputed that knowledge, which is the primary output of R&D, has spillover effects due to its public-good-like properties. It cause incomplete appropriability of innovating firm and will lead the...

In a highly competitive environment a product’s commercial success depends increasingly more upon the ability to satisfy consumers’ preferences that are highly diversified. Since a consumer product typically comprises a host of technological attributes, its market value incorporates all of...

This paper analyses the effect of military expenditure on economic growth. With various channels through which military expenditure may influence economic growth, much of the defense economics literature has found inconsistent results. This study is based on the national defense expense for the...

In the article, we analyze that how the innovative activity affects to income redistribution, which have been considered for prolonged period. The effect of spending on R&D usually affects to higher income level; however, the lower income group also becomes easier to approach to high-tech...

Research and development (R&D) is regarded as a core factor which decides the productivity of a firm in the analysis of modern industrial economics. But the R&D behavior and the consequent effect are observed to be different depending on the firm size and industry belonging. Despite the tendency...

A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is useful for the calculation of macroeconomic effects caused by policy impacts, but it has been considered a sticking point to evaluate how well the CGE model describes the real economy. Among various possible reasons for the difference between the...

This paper reexamines and resolves the long dispute over the source of technological innovation by suggesting an integrated technology-push and demand-pull model. We derive an equilibrium model within the framework of differentiated product analysis and explain the dynamic interaction between...

This study is conducted to develop a new measurement tool to analyze the extent of innovation by developing nations. The role of science and technology in enhancing the rate of innovation is also investigated. The existing methods for measuring innovation such as Technology Index (WEF),...