The history of the global oil industry is essential to understand the rise of multinational enterprises. Petrobras, in particular, has started to exploit in international markets the world-class technology it developed to exploit deepwater oil fields. PDVSA, on the other hand, has focused its...

This article presents a general equilibrium model capable of assessing the impact of foreign price shocks on the real side of the oil-based developing economies. The theoretical model departs from previous work in this area at least in that (1) the model takes into account endogenous income and...

Provides statistical information on trends in public sector employment in developed and developing countries.

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on the role of public enterprises in technology transfer in developing countries, with a case study of the ammonia fertilizer industry in India, Korea R, Brazil and Mexico - discusses production trends (1965-1978) and choice of technology; provides an evaluation...

Provides statistical information on trends in public sector employment in developed and developing countries.

This paper discusses possible strategies for developing countries in negotiations on trade in services in the ongoing WTO Doha Development Round (DR). The liberalization of service imports (including through direct investment) will generate benefits through higher quality, lower prices, and...

Studies of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) abound. Much is known about the economic incentives they contain to promote abatement and innovation, and studies are focusing on the short-term aggregate effects at sector and system levels. Less, however, is known about how the EU ETS affects...

The fiscal health of the Mexican government and the living standards of Mexico’s citizens are inextricably tied to that of Pemex, making declining crude oil production over the past decade a particularly troubling sign for many in Mexico.