Absent a workable definition of the term ‘globalization’, debates today lack intellectual rigor. Most consider globalization a 20th-century (even post-1945) phenomenon. In fact, globalization was born when Manila was founded as a Spanish entrepôt in 1571. Connections across the Pacific...

Globalization began when all heavily populated land masses began interacting - both directly and indirectly via other land masses - in a sustained manner with deep consequences for all interacting regions. Globalization emerged during the sixteenth century. Dynamism emanating from within China...