One implication of the pollution haven hypothesis is that countries export more by applying more lenient environmental regulations. Most studies that apply gravity-type equations do not find robust support for environmental regulations to affect bilateral exports. In this paper, we show that one...

This paper is the first to use the Banque de France database on firm-level exports and imports of services. We first show that firms trading services are bigger, more productive and pay higher wages than the purely domestic ones. Second, exports are very concentrated among a few numbers of...

The World Trade Center attack has shed light on the urgent need to implement preventing measures against terrorism and to enhance cooperation in the global security system for all countries. However, international coordination cannot be taken for granted. It is often ineffective and likely to...

We study the impact of transnational terrorism diffusion on security and trade. We set a simple theoretical model predicting that the closer a country to a source of terrorism, the higher the negative spillovers on its trade. The idea is that security measures, which impede trade, are directed...

This paper studies the effect of oil prices on the geography of international trade. We model transport costs as a function of variable and fixed costs. By affecting the first cost component,oil prices can then modify the structure of transportation costs across partners. This, we argue, acts as...

Ce document évalue l’importance des politiques frontalières et non frontalières pour l’intégration économique mondiale. L’étude est axée sur quatre orientations largement préconisées : supprimer les restrictions explicites du commerce et de l’IDE ; promouvoir la concurrence...

This paper assesses the importance of border and non-border policies for global economic integration. The focus is on four widely-advocated policies: removing explicit restrictions to trade and FDI; promoting domestic competition; improving the adaptability of labour markets; and ensuring...

This article argues that trade in certain services has a specific feature that does not necessarily apply to goods. In those services, the production process ends in the country where they are eventually consumed (i.e. in the importing country). Hence, we propose that services trade must use...