Buehn, Andreas; Karmann, Alexander; Schneider, Friedrich - In: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE) 165 (2009) 4, pp. 701-722
This paper presents a consistent structural equation (SEM) estimate of the size and development of the shadow economy and of do-it-yourself (DIY) activities in Germany from 1970 to 2005. By 2005, they reached a level of about 17% and 5% of official GDP. While the shadow economy has regularly...