Estimating the effect of trade on capital flows is difficult given the inherent identification problem. We use fluctuations in rainfall to capture the exogenous variation in trade between Germany, France, the U.K., and the Ottoman Empire during 1859-1913. The provisionistic policy of the Ottoman...

Estimating the effect of trade on capital flows is difficult given the inherent identification problem. We use fluctuations in rainfall to capture the exogenous variation in trade between Germany, France, the U.K., and the Ottoman Empire during 1859-1913. The provisionistic policy of the Ottoman...

Do international trade and finance flow together? In theory, trade and finance can be substitutes or complements, so the matter must be resolved empirically. We study trade and financial flows from the United Kingdom from 1870 to 1913 and the United States in the interwar years. Trade and...

The paper provides an explanation of the mechanisms underlying trade <p> roots of the contagion effects emanating from the recent turmoils. It is argued <p> that under demand uncertainty risk averse behavior of firms provides a basis <p> for international trade. The paper shows by means of a simple...</p></p></p>

We study whether financial openness facilitates the economic integration of formerly centrally planned economies with the EU-15. Two dimensions of economic integration are considered: cross-country convergence of per-capita incomes and bilateral trade in goods and services. We find that more...

Do international trade and finance flow together? In theory, trade and finance can be substitutes or complements, so the matter must be resolved empirically. We study trade and financial flows from the United Kingdom from 1870 to 1913 and the United States in the interwar years. Trade and...

We estimate the elasticity of exports to credit using matched customs and firm-level bank credit data from Peru. To account for non-credit determinants of exports, we compare changes in exports of the same product and to the same destination by firms borrowing from banks differentially affected...

La balance des paiements et la position extérieure de la France sont établies depuis cette année selon une nouvelle méthodologie internationale élaborée par le FMI. Cette étude en analyse les impacts sur les données françaises, et montre comment elle permet de mieux refléter la chaîne...

The paper draws a link between the conditions for low pass-through when there are flexible prices, and local-currency pricing when there are sticky nominal prices. It shows that the condition under which pass-through is less than one-half when prices are flexible is the same as the condition...