The arrival of motorization, from before the beginning of the twentieth century, has changed agricultural production and the whole economy by dramatically reducing work force and improving productivity. Yet the negligence of research on the history of farm mechanization is surprising given that...

Using standardised firm data a comparative analysis of the determinants of product and process innovation in manufacturing and services is performed. Results show that in services there are significant differences in innovation behaviour, in terms of intramural and extramural R&D. It is also...

This paper builds a static framework model to demonstrate the interrelationship between the black and formal market for foreign exchange. There is fungibility in the two markets with a demand spillover from the formal to the black market. There are also reverse linkages through portfolio demand...

In this paper, using standardised data for over 7000 service sector firms, we test different hypotheses to understand to what extent innovation output and activity in financial sector firms is different from other service firms. An intriguing result for the service sector as a whole is that the...

Gasoline consumption creates externalities, through pollution, road congestion, accidents, and import dependence. Mat effect would a higher gasoline tax have on the related magnitudes: gasoline consumption, miles driven, and road fatalities? In this paper, separate models are estimated for...

The simple cork provides a fascinating illustration of an industry that has survived and dominated for over five centuries as the only stopper of choice. This dominance is now however under serious threat from alterative stoppers namely synthetic and aluminium screw caps. This paper analyzes how...

Bootstrapping finance involving the use of resources to start and grow a venture at the lowest possible or even at no cost, acquires especial significance in times of a credit crunch. In this paper we explore, for the first time the use of bootstrap finance techniques in a small country European...