Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study land title’s credit effect from a financial inclusion perspective in China. The focus is both small land holding and poor farmers. Formal and informal finances are considered to test their differences in land title’s credit effect....

Purpose: The purpose is to understand why contract instability occurs when small landowners lease their land to large landholders. Design/methodology/approach: The authors develop a contract theoretical model to understand the stability problem in the farmland lease contract in China, where...