This article studies how discussion issues emerge and argumentative discussions are initiated. Studying how discussions are initiated enables us to understand who is a legitimate instigator of a discussion issue and to what extent the freedom rule of argumentation is granted in a given context....

The meta-analysis is a probabilistic technique that groups the results of several studies, approaches the same subject and produces a result that summarizes the whole. The results that are displayed in graphical form neither offer interactivity with the user, nor a user-friendly interface and...

Asynchronous discussion forums are among the most preferred tools chosen to foster learning opportunities and knowledge construction. To reveal the cognitive engagement evidenced in the transcripts of the discussion forums, this study presents 51 papers. 17 papers reported research on students'...

Economic growth is indispensable for the development of a country and welfare of its citizens. Economic activities can be improved with the enhancement of business sectors within its structure. Furthermore, exportation is a substantial means of reinforcing economic growth. In this research, the...

The study was carried out to examine articles published in Bayero Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies (BJIS). The study was carried out quantitatively, 61 articles published in the Bayero Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies from 2008- 2013 were surveyed to carry out the study and descriptive...

In 2014, a union of German research organizations established Projekt DEAL, a national-level project to negotiate licensing agreements with large scientific publishers. Negotiations between DEAL and Elsevier began in 2016, and broke down without a successful agreement in 2018; during this time,...

The assessment of businesses' credit risk is a difficult and important process in the area of financial risk management. In a classical multivariate model, financial ratios are combined in order to achieve a credit risk score, which signals if a loan application is approved or discarded. Despite...

A lack of reliable credit risk measurements and poor control of credit risks has caused massive financial losses across a wide spectrum of business. Financial institutions like banks have not been able to control and contain the rapid increases of the credit defaulting. In this paper, we address...

The globalized economy is increasingly affecting small and medium-sized companies (SMEs). As markets and growth are moving outside Europe, SMEs need to find new global customers and build their market entries through export networks to remote locations which often have different cultures,...