In this article, a solution to the problem of perturbation in the urban transport network has been proposed. This solution is based on the multicriteria decision support method, which is an efficient way of identifying appropriate solutions to different perturbations situations. The proposed...

Abstract Governments make substantial contributions to the finance of railways in Europe. This paper first considers the possible justifications for subsidies – namely normalisation of accounts, public service obligations, economies of density, relief of externalities on other modes, wider...