Summary Using a duopoly model of a patent race, it is shown that a stricter environmental policy might increase the probability of a sleeping patent instead of encouraging environmental technological progress. Two scenarios are discussed. The first concerns the regulation of a firm that competes...

This article introduces a large new cross-country database, the Database of Political Institutions. It covers 177 countries over 21 years, 1975-95. The article presents the intuition, construction, and definitions of the different variables. Among the novel variables introduced are several...

Purpose Research on the political connections of multinational enterprises’ (MNEs’) subsidiaries in emerging host countries has been growing. The purpose of this paper is to integrate institutional and resource dependence theories to argue that MNEs-subsidiaries are likely to develop fewer...

Purpose – Three broad behavioral categories have been related to organizational goals: task (in‐role), citizenship (extra‐role), and counterproductive behaviors. Because most studies modeling these behaviors have been conducted in culturally similar contexts (individualistic and relatively...

Reports on a survey of 980 Chinese, 964 Venezuelan and 1,878 US managers, professionals and business students, to examine cross‐national differences in individualism‐collectivism, masculinity‐femininity, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and paternalism. Provides a brief overview of...

Venezuela ranks fifth in the world in oil proven reserves and has the largest accumulation of liquid fuel in the world. With its importance as an oil country, many countries including the U.S. have expressed concerns about Venezuela’s current economic and political situation. Using the popular...

Conventional wisdom in the oil world is that the issue in the future will not be a lack of demand but a scarcity of oil. But this view is challenged by less conventional trends that allow us to propose an alternative scenario in which demand for oil in the near future falls dramatically with the...

Examines the general macroeconomic crisis of the Venezuelan economy outlining its recent history and the seriousness of the present situation and points out how this crisis is especially serious for small firms. Presents information on the current state of small firms in Venezuela ‐ their...