Many U.S. employers have recently adopted less generous prescription drug benefits. In addition, in 2006 the U.S. began … to offer prescription drug insurance to approximately 42 million Medicare beneficiaries. We used data on individual … prescription drug prices reduce both use of and spending on prescription drugs. They also show that consumers substitute the use of …

drug and to verify if it would be preferable to let European Member States adopt specific measures according to own needs … level in fighting against the use and commerce of drug to enforce the effectiveness of national regulations. Practical … implications – The achievement of a high level of health protection, well-being and social cohesion to prevent and reduce drug use …

Purpose This paper aims to explore how the Celtic Tiger economic boom and Great Recession influenced drug and alcohol … their drug and/or alcohol consumption increased during the economic boom; others, who were already in (self-defined) active … once the economy entered a downturn and, heavy drink and drug use became a means of soothing the strains of economic …

1990s and early 2000s because of high prices of many drugs. We argue that the benefits of pharmaceuticals should be … medications exist in many important drug classes. Thus, consumers reap the benefits of past innovation for years to come. We …

pharmaceuticals, medical products and medical procedures. We do not have a general theory on the determinants of technological …

1980s. Liberalization of the Food and Drug Administration regulations in the USA, combined with a substantial body of … standard component of every major drug company’s marketing plan. Research since the late 1980s has compared consumers …