Vertical Handover Decision (VHD) algorithms are indispensable components of forthcoming 4G heterogeneous wireless networks architecture – so as to provide requisite Quality of Service to an assortment of applications anywhere at any time, while allowing seamless roaming in highly dynamic...

This paper examined the shift towards the Next Generation Networks (NGNs) like 4G from 2G and the role of technology for sustainable development in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. WARID was one of the four cellular companies of Pakistan. All the big players in the market had auctioned...

In order to increase and develop overall performance of Modern Network Grids in Smart Cities of India with acceptable levels of security and privacy, the internal and external factors which substantially affect the performance of network grids in Smart Cities without jeopardizing privacy and...

In the hostile areas, deployment of the sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is one of the basic issue to be addressed. The node deployment method has great impact on the performance metrics like connectivity, security and resilience. In this paper, a technique based on strong keying...