The common perception that Montesquieu is not a major theorist of federalism is due both to the peripheral nature of … his account of confederate republics and his praise of the unitary British Constitution in the Spirit of the Laws. This … study challenges this view by arguing that, despite his endorsement of the separation of powers, Montesquieu had serious …

the second condition, examining how executive discretion is affected by the budgetary process under separation of powers …