This paper conjectures that economics has changed profoundly since the 1970s and that these changes involve a new understanding of the relationship between theoretical and applied work. Drawing on an analysis of John Bates Clark medal winners, it is suggested that the discipline became more...

In this paper, I suggest that the history of the classification used by the American Economic Association to list economic literature and scholars is a relevant proxy to understand the transformation of economics science throughout the 20th century. Successive classifications were fashioned...

Is economics a science? Answering this question is not only necessary for philosophical clarity, but also crucial for knowing how seriously to take economists' claims and advice about public policy. Nevertheless, even among practitioners and academics, consensus is nonexistent. This paper...

There is a fundamental difference between the natural and the social sciences due to reactivity. This difference remains even in the age of Artificially Intelligent Learning Machines and Big Data. Many academic economists take it as a matter of course that economics should become a natural...

In 1987, Greenwald and Stiglitz accused Keynes's summary of the "General Theory" in chapter 18 of relying upon “neoclassical and Marshallian tools.” A number of contributions have on the contrary emphasized the methodological importance of this chapter, which this paper revisits in the light...

Islamic economics [IE] emerged with a new vision and aspiration of a better path to development. Unfortunately, IE has evolved mostly as an intellectual/academic shell, in which poverty eradication, except in rhetoric, is a peripheral concern.Gradually, IE was eclipsed by its offshoot, Islamic...

In this report Professor Samuelson staff prepares a tour of the work and thought of highlighting the contributions of Hayek Austrian economist and showing the world within which they took power broadly two contradictory paradigms of economic thought. This testimony intellectual frontline is...

It is widely accepted that economics has changed significantly since the 1970s with the development of new data sources, new methods of analysis and the computer. This paper argues that this transformation of the discipline involves more than just a rise of empirical work: it involves a new...