By taking into account two types of boundary conditions (BC), free boundary condition (FBC) and zero boundary condition (ZBC), an improved transverse Ising model with the consideration of surface transition layers (STL) is used to describe the polarization properties of ferroelectric thin films...

Within the framework of the modified Ginzburg–Landau–Devonshire phenomenological theory, we study the properties of a ferroelectric thin film with surface transition layer, considering the effect of electrodes. The combined effect of the electrode and surface transition layer on the...