Hedge funds are fundamentally exposed to equity volatility, skewness, and kurtosis risks based on the systematic pattern and significant spread in alphas from the existing models that do not control for the higher-moment risks. The spread and pattern in alphas do not disappear with bootstrap...

This paper seeks to ascertain whether shocks to hedge fund returns are permanent or temporary by using M1 and M2 unit root procedures advanced by Narayan and Popp. In addition, the paper implements the GARCH-based unit root test developed by Liu and Narayan. These procedures allow for two...