We make use of quantile regression theory to obtain a combination of individual potentially-biased VaR forecasts that is optimal because it meets by construction ex post the correct out-of-sample conditional coverage criterion. This enables a Wald-type conditional quantile forecast encompassing...

Backtesting methods are statistical tests designed to uncover excessive risk-taking from financial institutions. We show in this paper that these methods are subject to the presence of model risk produced by a wrong specification of the conditional VaR model, and derive its effect on the...