ultimately replaced in what follows. The formal point of reference is "the integrated approach to credit, money, income … Theory ; Income ; Profit ; Distributed Profit ; Money ; Flow ; Residual ; Transaction Matrix ; General Complementarity … that the accounting approach could do even better, provided it frees itself from theoretically ill-founded notions like GDP …

We consider a two-period LEN-type agency problem. The principal needs to implement one out of two accounting systems … relevant system reports an accounting signal in the period in which it is produced. The reliable system reports a more precise … signal, but with a one period delay. Accounting information is contractible only if it is reported within the two …

affect accounting processing, which presents new challenges in accounting practice. One of the most significant changes and … innovations within accounting processing and the financial industry is the emergence of cryptocurrencies that create a completely … new financial business concept. Cryptocurrency is the equivalent of electronic money and is completely digital. Although …