For client expenditure management, risk analysis demands good estimates of the range of possible expenditures likely to occur and their probability of occurrence, while risk management is aided by reducing the range of possibilities. This paper describes the analysis of a new and updated data...

One of the most important aspects of the construction procurement process is the management of client (owner) expenditure. For client expenditure management, risk analysis demands good estimates of the range of possible expenditures likely to occur and their probability of occurrence, while risk...

An analysis is described of a sample of pre-bid forecasts for 181 Singapore building contracts awarded between 1980 and 1991 in comparison with previous research results in this topic. Despite the apparent contradictions that occur between findings, it is shown that such differences could be...