The issues are individual fundamental factors responsible for leadership conflicts and crisis of Ndigbo in Nigeria. The paper focuses on how such factors impact on the collective aspirations of Ndigbo. We observe that whereas the Igbo people are by nature very enterprising, industrious, creative...

Despite the growing public debate on fiscal surprise during election periods in jurisdictions where the democratic dispensation is young, comprehensive empirical works to this effect in the case of Africa are hard to find. This study, therefore, sought to contribute to the debate on two counts....