the quantile treatment effects for Niger, Togo and Mali, based on very informative data, comparable across these countries … same time, we also observe clear differences between the countries. We find that, overall, effects are positive in Mali … contract teacher programme in the three countries. In Mali and, to some extent, in Togo, the contract teacher system works more …

, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda and Tanzania. The paper argues that politics matters; that PRSPs have helped bring poverty into …