evidence on punishment preferences, in which subjects reveal a heterogeneous preference for punishing wrongdoers, our model … identifies circumstances in which “punitive” individuals (with stronger-than-average punishment preferences) will self …-select into law enforcement jobs that offer the opportunity to punish (or facilitate the punishment of) wrongdoers. Such “punitive …

monitors'). We review the literature on the relative merits of punishment and rewards when the distribution of incentive power … evidence showing how concentrating reward/punishment power in one group member affects cooperation. …