By examining their source and magnitude, this paper looked at the changes in the nature of Indonesia’s agglomeration economies over three distinct, successive periods: the pre-crisis boom (1990-1996), the deep crisis (1997-2000), and the post-crisis recovery (2001-2010). We found that...

We investigate the impact of local agglomeration economies on household portfolio choice. Using detailed location and employment data from two U.S. household surveys, we document that individuals who work in locally agglomerated industries are more likely to invest in risky assets. This pattern...

In this paper, we examine the macro-to-micro-transition of cluster externalities to firms and how it is affected by the macroeconomic instability caused by the recessionary shock of 2008/2009. Using data from 16,166 manufacturing and business services firms nested in 390 German regions, we...