This paper examines the substance of the WTO panel decision for Canada-Wheat as it relates to the ongoing debate about … the future of the Canadian Wheat Board. In this case, the WTO upheld the legality of Canada's marketing board for wheat … and barley. The decision suggests that trade discipline may play less of a role in Canada's ongoing adjustment processes …

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the wheat oriented agrarian economy of Lower Canada (the French …-speaking modern-day province of Quebec) saw a rapid collapse in wheat production dubbed the “wheat crisis.” In a single decade, Quebec … went from being an exporter of wheat to an importer. Given that Quebec was an agrarian economy, this collapse of wheat …