Thirty years ago, a vast share of the poor and middle income countries were heavily state-controlled. The effects of the liberalizations in the 1980s and 1990s differed strongly between regions in Africa, Asia and Europe. This paper first documents these differences in reform effects in a...

This paper analyses the efficiency effects of the farm restructuring process in Central and Eastern Europe. We develop a theoretical model on how reforms, which are typically implemented in the process of the transition of a communist system to a market economy, would affect production...

New research on the political economy of policy-induced distortions to incentives for optimal resource use in agriculture and insights from the study of the dramatic reforms in former state-controlled economy has led to enhanced insights on the role of governance structures on policy making in...

This paper analyzes how policy reforms and other factors have effected agricultural output in Central and Eastern Europe since 1989. Price liberalization and subsidy cuts caused a decline in relative prices for agriculture, contributing to almost half of the output decline. Transition...

The dramatic transition from Communism to market economies across Asia and Europe started in the Chinese countryside in the 1970s. Since then more than a billion of people, many of them very poor, have been affected by radical reforms in agriculture. However, there are enormous differences in...

Thirty years ago, a vast share of low- and middle-income countries was heavily state controlled. The liberalizations of the 1980s and 1990s had greatly different effects on growth in countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe. A comparative framework is used to document these differences, and a model...