. Our analysis uses symmetric and asymmetric threshold error correction models. Both pork and beef prices in Finland are … found to have slowly cointegrated with German prices, but the cointegration relationship of the two counties is only found … to be symmetric for pork prices, while it is asymmetric for beef prices. The producer price for pork in Finland is …

futures markets vary with selection of cash markets. The cointegration relationship between corn cash and futures prices only …

reasons, one of the important reason lies in the problems associated with domestic and international marketing of livestock … institutions to overcome perceived problems in the marketing system to address its links with food security. Knowledge on how … marketing routes and systems contribute to spread of diseases and the implications of these for national and international trade …

making processes towards improving livestock trade and marketing in Somalia by enabling the development of effective and … efficient marketing support services and accountable and competent rural institutions. The data were collected first through …

perceived by traders as major problems of marketing. All the problems were amenable to public policy to improve the market … environment and marketing efficiency. …