U.S. and Canadian agricultural support policies for grains are reviewed, focusing on changes since 1995. Estimates of effects on acreage and production from the literature and from acreage data for the U.S. are estimated. Likely further effects of the U.S. 2002 Farm Act are discussed, including...

This paper characterizes the optimal use of sanitary and phytosanitary standards to prevent the introduction of harmful pests and diseases through international trade. Because established pest and disease infestations grow and spread over time their introduction has intertemporal consequences....