biodiversity. Ecologists have shown that biodiversity loss results in lower plant productivity, while agricultural economists have … linked biodiversity loss on farms with increasing variability of crop yields, and sometimes lower mean yields. In this paper … agriculture, with a focus on how the loss of biodiversity affects food production. We employ a quantitative, structurally …

"The final decades of the Ottoman Empire and the period of the French mandate in Syria and Lebanon coincided with a … agricultural legacy that continued to impact Syria and Lebanon post-independence. With this book, Williams offers the first …